![]() Caitlin Huston, The Hollywood Reporter, 11 July 2023 In the years during and after World War II, the battle against fascism spread to an unanticipated front line: the national conscience of the United States. John Pearley Huffman, Car and Driver, 7 July 2023 American writer Cliff Bradshaw sweeps in, meets performer Sally and tries to create a stable, happy life, even as the threat of fascism is on the rise. Christopher Knight, Los Angeles Times, 18 July 2023 Names that evoke images of profligate lifestyles, miserable fates, or even fascism. Calder Walton, Fortune, 24 July 2023 With the specter of fascism all around us again, the bellowing confrontation in Bernstein’s work, a combination of wit and outrage, is nothing if not timely. Recent Examples on the Web Oppenheimer saw communism as the best defense against the rise of fascism in Europe, which, being of Jewish heritage, was personal for him. It is, however, to the Fascisti in their 1919 incarnation-who seized power in Italy three years later-that we owe the current customary meanings of our words fascism and fascist. Although Mussolini was closely associated with this interventionist movement, it had no direct link with the post-war Fasci di combattimento, and in 1919 the word fascista was already in political circulation. Members of this group were first called fascisti in January 1915. ![]() ![]() ![]() In Italian, the word fascio (plural fasci) means literally “bundle,” and figuratively “group.” From at least 1872 fascio was used in the names of labor and agrarian unions, and in October 1914 a political coalition was formed called the Fascio rivoluzionario d’ azione internazionalista (“revolutionary group for international action”), which advocated Italian participation in World War I on the side of the Allies. However, Mussolini did not introduce the word fascista (plural fascisti) with the 1919 organization of the Fasci di combattimento (“combat groups”), nor did the fasces have any direct connection with the origin of fascista. The words fascism and fascist have long been associated with the Fascisti of Benito Mussolini and the fasces, the bundle of rods with an ax among them, which the Fascisti used as a symbol of the Italian people united and obedient to the single authority of the state. ![]()
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